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Types of solar power systems

On-grid, off-grid and hybrid systems, solar pumps and street lights.

On-grid solar

An on-grid system generates power only when the utility grid is available, and must connect to the grid to work. Excess power is exported to the grid and credited for later use. It is the simplest and most cost-effective system to install in towns.

Off-grid solar

An off-grid system stores solar power in batteries, so critical loads keep running when the grid fails or where there is no grid connection at all.

Diagram: solar panels feed a charge controller, battery bank and inverter to power a home
Off-grid rooftop system

Hybrid solar

A hybrid system powers your loads and charges batteries at the same time. If the grid goes off it switches to the batteries, so you can use solar power whether or not the grid is available.

Diagram: hybrid system with battery bank, inverter, home and utility grid connection
Hybrid rooftop system

Solar water pumps

A solar water pump runs on electricity from PV panels instead of grid electricity or diesel.

Solar street lights

Solar street lights are standalone off-grid systems. Power generated by the panel during the day is stored in a battery and used at night.

Next: Solar photovoltaic power plants